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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. NORIEGA.

I TELEPHONE. 7 No. 445,475. Patented Jan. 27, 1891,

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ATTORNEYS (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2'.

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TELEPHONE. N0.'445,4'75. Patented Jan. 27, 1891,

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No. 445,475. Patented Jan. 27, 1891.

, ATTORNEYS NITEI) STATES PATENT FFICE.

ELOY NORIEGA, OF MEXICO, MEXICO.

TELEPHQNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 445,475, dated January 27, 1891.

Application filed October 2, 1890- Serial No. 366,863. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, ELOY NORIEGA, of Mexico, Mexico, have invented a new and Improved Telephone, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l is a longitudinal section of my improved telephone, taken on the line no 00 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the transmitter, taken on the line y y of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the receiver. Fig. 4 is an inverted plan view. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the core of the bobbin. 6 is a transverse section of the same; and Fig. 7 is a front elevation, partly in section, of the complete instrument.

The object of my invention is to construct the telephone in which a great volume of sound may be transmitted over long distances, and in which the transmitter is not liable to derangement.

My invention consists in a transmitter provided with a wooden diaphragm and furnished with fixed and movable annular electrodes and in a receiver furnished with bobbins having cores formed of a number of separated pieces, all as hereinafter more fully described.

The diaphragm-cell A, which is made of hard rubber or any suitable rigid material, is provided with a mouthpiece B, which is screwed upon the cell or otherwise secured. Between the cell A and the mouth-piece B is clamped a diaphragm O, the edge of which is inclosed in an elastic bando. In the diaphragm O are inserted the screws 1), upon which are placed the annular carbon electrodes D and D. The electrode D is movable upon the screws I), while the electrode D is fixed to the screws, so that it vibrates with the screws as they are moved back and forth by the diaphragm. To the annular electrodes D D is loosely fitted a cylindrical carbon block E, which is supported by a metallic stud c, projecting inwardly toward the diaphragm G from the back of the cell A. The rear end of the stud c is threaded and inserted .in a threaded insulating-piece cl, fitted to a recess in the back of the cell A. The double conducting-cord F is connected by one of its branches with one of its screws 1) and by he other branch with the stud c.

In the receiving-instrument the diaphragmcell G, which is preferably made of hard rubher or other insulating material, is provided with a mouth-piece H, containing a laminated diaphragm I, formed of a number of thin sheets of iron. The polarized magnet J ,the poles of which are inserted in cell G to Within a short distance of the diaphragm I, is formed of a permanent horseshoe-magnet e and the bobbins f, as shown in theenlarged sectional View, Fig. 5. Each bobbin f is formed of a pair of iron heads 9 g, which are bored partly through on their inner faces to receive the iron rods 72.. An iron screw c' passes through the head g, also through a threaded opening in the center of the head The rods h are inclosed in a wrapping j, of paper or analogous material, and the wire It, forming the conductor of the telephone, is wound upon the core thus made, completing the bobbin. The bobbins f are attached to the poles of the permanent magnet E by screwing the projecting threaded end of the screw 5 into threaded holes in the ends of the magnet. The bobbins f are connected in series, and the terminals are connected with the hinding-posts Z, projecting from the back of the cell G.

The box K, which contains all of the parts of my improved telephone with the exception of the receiver, contains a polarized vibrating bell L of the usual description and a magnetoelectric machine M for operating the callbells. In the cover on of the box K is secured an induction-coil N, and in the side or front of the cover is inserted the transmitter, the threaded inner end of the transmittercell being screwed into a block and secured to the inside of the cover. The primary wire of the induction-coil and the electrodes of the transmitter are in the circuit of the battery 0. One terminal of the secondary wire of the induction-coil N indicates through the hinge n of the box with the ground-wire 0. The other terminal of the induction-coil is con nected electrically with the binding-post p and the top of the cover. In the bodyof the boX is pivoted an angled lever P, the angled arm of which projects beyond the side of the box and forms a support for the receiver J.

The inner arm of the lever P is connected with one end of a spiral spring q, the opposite cnd of which is secured to astud r, which is connected electrically with one terminal of the induction-coil N. In the path of the inner arm of the lever P is arranged a contactpoint 3, which is connected electrically with the transmitter A.

One terminal of the magnet of the polarized bell L is connected with the ground-wire 0. The other terminal is connected electrically with one terminal of the magneto M. The remaining terminal of the magneto is connected with the line-wire Q. Vhen the telephone-receiver J is hung upon the lever P, the line-circuit beyond the connection of the magneto M is broken, and when the receiver is removed from the lever the circuit is closed automatically by the action of the spring q. Sounds uttered in the mouth-piece B of .the transmitter cause the diaphragm to vibrate, thus varying the contact of the carbon electrodes D, D, and E,and consequently varyingthe current in the circuit, which, beginning at the battery 0, leads in one direction to the transmitter A, where it passes from one branch of the double cord F to one of the bolts Z), which pass through the annular carbon electrodes D D, through the said electrodes, and th rough the support E to the other branch of the double cord F, thence to and through one of the hinges of the case, thence to the switch-contact s, lever 1, spring q, stud r, thence to and through the primary Wire of the induction-coil N, and thence back to the remaining pole of the battery 0. The electrical pulsations thus caused in the primary wire of the induction-coil N induce electrical impulses in the secondary Wire of the coil, which pass in one direction through the hinge n to the ground G, and in the other direction through the binding-post p, cord R, and receiver J, binding-post thence through the hinge t to the line Q, which leads to the distant station. The magnets M and polarized bell L are inserted inthe line in the usual way, through the line to a distant receiving-instrument, wherethe electric impulses, acting upon the polarized magnet of the receiving-instrument, cause the magnet to alternately attract and release the diaphragm of the receiver, thus imparting to the air vibrations similar to those by means of which the original impulses were generated.

The carbon. electrodes for my improved telephone-transmitter are formed according to either of the following formulae:

First. Binoxide of manganese, forty-three parts; graphite, eighty-two parts; tar, nine parts; sulphur, 0.6 parts; water, 0.1% parts.

Second. Carbon,ninety-two parts; chloride of sodium, eighty-two parts; graphite, nine parts; tar, 0.6 parts; oxide of copper, 0.4. parts; water 5.2 parts.

The materials are reduced toa fine powder, mixed thoroughly, placed in molds, and subjected to a very strong pressure. The Whole mass is then heated to a temperature of 359 centigrade, more or less. This frees the mixture from water and the more volatile parts of the tar. A part of the sulphur combines with the other material and the remainder united with the non-volatile residue, making the entire mixture homogeneous, the operation being similar to that of the vulcanization of rubber.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In a telep'hone-transmitter, the combination, with a diaphragm-cell, of a diaphragm of wood or analogous material, annular electrodes connected with the diaphragm and supported by a cylindrical electrode, and the electrical connections, the annular electrodes being arranged for sliding upon the cylindrical electrode, substantially as specified.

2. In a telephone-transmitter, the combination of the diaphragm-cell A, provided with a mouthpiece B, the wooden diaphragm O, furnished with the elastic bindinga, the sliding annular carbon electrodes D D, the adjust-able electrode E, and the electrical connections, substantially as specified.

3. Inatelephone-receiver, the combination of the permanent magnet e, the bobbin formed of the screw 1', heads g g, rods h, and theconductor is, wrapped about the rods, substantially as specified.

4. In a telephone-receiver, the combination of a polarized magnet formed of the permanent magnet c, the bobbinsf, each formed of the heads g g, the screw 'i, rods h, Wrapping j, conductor 7;, the diaphragm-cell G, and the laminated diaphragm I, substantially as specified.

5. In a telephone, the combination of the transmitter formed of the diaphragm-cell A, the wooden diaphragm O, sliding annular electrodes D D, the adjustable electrode E, the receiver J, formed of the permanent magnet e, bobbins f, diaphragm-cell G, laminated diaphragm I, the induction-coil N, and the electrical connections, substantially as specifled.

(i. A carbon electrode formed of binoxide of manganese, graphite, tar,sulphur, and water, combined in about the proportions stated, substantially as specified.

ELOY NORIEGA.

Witnesses:

E. Soro OORTINA, FDO SALAS IUENTO. 

